The Role Of Classical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning

Behaviourism Behaviourism is a learning theory founded by American psychologist John B. Watson, which grew to be a dominant strand of psychology in the middle decades of the twentieth century. Watson argued that observing behaviour rather than internal processes gives an insightful and more accurate understanding of learning. Behaviourism is based on the belief that the way in which we learn to behave is a result of the way we are conditioned by our surroundings or the environment in which we interact with. There are two main processes of conditioning: classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Classical conditioning defines learning as change in behaviour brought about by some form of action or experience (Gould, 2010). Classical conditioning is a component of behaviourism that explains how we learn when a stimulus is paired with a response (Gould, 2010). Ivan Pavlov discovered classical conditioning when conducting research involving dogs and measuring the amount of salivation produced when either meat powder or food was present. Pavlov explored this further by conducted additional research whereby he would ring a bell before immediately presenting the dog with food. After the experiment had been repeated several times, the bell alone was sufficient to start the dog salivating. Therefore, an association between a stimulus from the environment (the bell) and a given response (salivation) has been formed. Experiences whereby behaviour is strengthened or weakenedShow MoreRelatedReinforcement Role in Operant and Classical Conditioning2066 Words   |  9 Pagesdiscuss this relation to the Classical and Operant Conditioning Theories. Support your answer with examples. Table of content: Page 1 - introduction Page 2 –about learning Page 3 - classical conditioning Page 4-5 – examples of classical conditioning Page 6-7 – operant conditioning Page 8- about reinforcement and its role in classical and operant conditioning Page 9 – conclusion Read MoreReinforcement Role in Operant and Classical Conditioning2078 Words   |  9 Pagespreferences. Explain why and discuss this relation to the Classical and Operant Conditioning Theories. Support your answer with examples. Table of content: Page 1 - introduction Page 2 –about learning Page 3 - classical conditioning Page 4-5 – examples of classical conditioning Page 6-7 – operant conditioning Page 8- about reinforcement and its role in classical and operant conditioning Page 9 – conclusion Read MoreA Study on Operant and Classical Conditioning1477 Words   |  6 PagesOperant and Classical Conditioning Classical conditioning best explains reflective responding that is largely controlled by stimuli preceding the response, while operant conditioning is the kind of learning influenced by stimulus events that follow the responses. (Weiten). In operant conditioning, reinforcement is defined as after the fact. Reinforcement follows a response and increases tendency to make the response. In classical conditioning, the reinforcement comes before the response is madeRead MoreClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning1204 Words   |  5 Pagesknown as classical conditioning and operant conditioning. These forms of learning are very practical and can be seen and used in everyday life. Classical and operant conditioning are different forms of learning which have importance in everyday life and can be found in advertising, PTSD, and even lifestyle changes. To fully understand the importance of classical and operant conditioning, it is important to first understand what they are and how they are different. Classical conditioningRead MorePhobias1174 Words   |  5 Pagesdeveloped through operant conditioning and how addictions can be developed through operant conditioning. This essay also examines the distinctions between classical and operant condition and examines â€Å"extinction† as it relates to psychological theory and how extinction is achieved in classical and operant conditioning. Phobias and Addictions Numerous psychologists believe that behaviors are learned through conditioning. These conditionings are known as operant, which is based onRead MoreLearning Experience Paper1290 Words   |  6 Pagesregards to classical conditioning, operant conditioning and cognitive- social learning theory. First of all, I would begin by describing my experience of learning to fear lizards with regards to classical conditioning. To give some context to the situation, I was raised in India where lizards, usually in large numbers, are often found on walls particularly during the summer months. I strongly believe that my fear of lizards can be explained using Pavlov s classical conditioning. Classical conditioningRead MoreThe Process of Conditioning963 Words   |  4 PagesFlorida Sahay Professor Griffin Psychology 1101 Fall 2009 The Conditioning Process It was raining when Sarah was driving home from work. Both she and the driver of the car in front of her were speeding. The car in front of her had immediately braked. There was not enough distance between that car and her own car to safely slow to a stop, so she had quickly switched lanes to avoid a car accident. Instead, the slick pavement caused her car to swerve out of control. When her car finallyRead MoreClassical And Operant Conditioning Essay815 Words   |  4 PagesUsing examples of both classical and operant conditioning, discuss the contributions  and limitations of learning theory for the understanding of behaviour (Schacter et al., 2nd Ed, Chapter 6, also see Chapter 1 for historical context)      Learning theory can be summarized as behaviour which shows us how animals and people  respond to a stimulus. This is  incredibly  important  due to the direct impact it has on many features of daily life and how we implement this into our practices, from  the way  educationRead MoreOperant Vs. Classical Conditioning1211 Words   |  5 PagesOperant and Classical Conditioning Tiara Gordon PS 210 Professor Rivera Introduction Operant and Classical conditioning reminds me of the famous controversy, nature vs nurture. It’s like having a pessimistic or optimistic view on learning techniques and how much of the environment or genes influence the two. These learned behaviors have been scrutinized by people alike, some have debated that everything we do from the time we wake up to the time we go to sleep is operant conditioningRead More The Science of Psychology Essay1078 Words   |  5 Pagestwo main theories behind learning are Classical Conditioning and Operant Conditioning. Classical conditioning was the first type of learning to be discovered and studied within the behaviorist tradition. The basic assumption of Classical conditioning is that all behavior is learnt by association. It has its roots in Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov’s famous experiment with dogs and is thus also known as †Pavlovian conditioning†. He was successful in making the dogs salivate